Correct Answer: A

A demilitarized zone (DMZ) is an area of a network that is designed specifically for public users to access. The DMZ is a buffer network between the public untrusted Internet and the private trusted LAN. Often a DMZ is deployed through the

use of a multihomed firewall.

Incorrect Answers:

B: Cloud computing is a popular term that refers to performing processing and storage elsewhere, over a network connection, rather than locally.

C: A virtual local area network (VLAN) is a hardware-imposed network segmentation created by switches. VLANs are used for traffic management. VLANs can be used to isolate traffic between network segments.

D: Virtualization offers several benefits, such as being able to launch individual instances of servers or services as needed, real-time scalability, and the ability to run the exact OS version required for a certain application.

References:

Stewart, James Michael, CompTIA Security+ Review Guide, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, pp 23, 37, 39.

Correct Answer: A

Obfuscated passwords are transmitted by the RADIUS protocol via a shared secret and the MD5 hashing algorithm.

Incorrect Answers:

B: Kerberos works on the basis of 'tickets' to allow nodes communicating over a non-secure network to prove their identity to one another in a secure manner.

C: A public key infrastructure (PKI) is a set of hardware, software, people, policies, and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store, and revoke digital certificates

D: The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is an open, vendor-neutral, industry standard application protocol for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services over an Internet Protocol (IP) network.

References: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RADIUS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerberos_%28protocol%29 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol

Correct Answer: A

A structured walkthrough test of a recovery plan involves representatives from each of the functional areas coming together to review the plan to determine if the plan pertaining to their area is accurate and complete and can be implemented when required.

Incorrect Answers:

B: In a full interruption test, operations are shut down at the primary site and shifted to the recovery site in accordance with the disaster recovery plan.

C: In a checklist test disaster recovery checklists are distributed to all members of a disaster recovery team. The members are asked to review the checklist. This ensures that the checklist is still current, and that the assigned members of disaster recovery teams are still working for the company.

D: A tabletop exercise is a simulation of a disaster. A Tabletop Test is a test of the recovery plan in which actions are not actually performed.

References:

Dulaney, Emmett and Chuck Eastton, CompTIA Security+ Study Guide, Sixth Edition, Sybex, Indianapolis, 2014, pp 454-455

Correct Answer: C

A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is an attack from several different computers targeting a single computer. One common method of attack involves saturating the target machine with external communications requests, so much so that it cannot respond to legitimate traffic, or responds so slowly as to be rendered essentially unavailable. Such attacks usually lead to a server overload.

A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack occurs when multiple systems flood the bandwidth or resources of a targeted system, usually one or more web servers. Such an attack is often the result of multiple compromised systems (for example a botnet) flooding the targeted system with traffic. When a server is overloaded with connections, new connections can no longer be accepted. The major advantages to an attacker of using a distributed denial-of-service attack are that multiple machines can generate more attack traffic than one machine, multiple attack machines are harder to turn off than one attack machine, and that the behavior of each attack machine can be stealthier, making it harder to track and shut down. These attacker advantages cause challenges for defense mechanisms. For example, merely purchasing more incoming bandwidth than the current volume of the attack might not help, because the attacker might be able to simply add more attack machines. This after all will end up completely crashing a website for periods of time. Malware can carry DDoS attack mechanisms; one of the better-known examples of this was MyDoom. Its DoS mechanism was triggered on a specific date and time. This type of DDoS involved hardcoding the target IP address prior to release of the malware and no further interaction was necessary to launch the attack.

Incorrect Answers:

A: Invalid characters being entered into a field in a database application does not describe a DDoS attack. Therefore, this answer is incorrect.

B: Users attempting to input random or invalid data into fields within a web browser application does not describe a DDoS attack. Therefore, this answer is incorrect.

D: Multiple attackers attempting to gain elevated privileges on a target system does not describe a DDoS attack. In "distributed denial-of-service", distributed means multiple computers, not multiple attackers. Therefore, this answer is

incorrect.

References:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack

Correct Answer: C

By validating user input and preventing special characters, we can prevent the injection of client- side scripting code. SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database contents to the attacker). SQL injection must exploit a security vulnerability in an application's software, for example, when user input is either incorrectly filtered for string literal escape characters embedded in SQL statements or user input is not strongly typed and unexpectedly executed. SQL injection is mostly known as an attack vector for websites but can be used to attack any type of SQL database.

Incorrect Answers:

A: Eliminating cross-site scripting vulnerabilities is always a good idea. However, that will not prevent SQL Injection attacks. Therefore this answer is incorrect.

B: An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a device or software application that monitors network or system activities for malicious activities or policy violations and produces reports to a management station. IDS come in a variety of "flavors"

and approach the goal of detecting suspicious traffic in different ways. There are network based (NIDS) and host based (HIDS) intrusion detection systems. Some systems may attempt to stop an intrusion attempt but this is neither required

nor expected of a monitoring system. Intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS) are primarily focused on identifying possible incidents, logging information about them, and reporting attempts. In addition, organizations use IDPSes for

other purposes, such as identifying problems with security policies, documenting existing threats and deterring individuals from violating security policies.

An IDS is not used to prevent SQL Injection attacks. Therefore this answer is incorrect.

D: A firewall is used to restrict the flow of traffic between subnets based on rules that specify what source/destination IP addresses, ports and protocols are allowed. A firewall is not used to prevent SQL Injection attacks. Therefore this answer

is incorrect.

References: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL_injection http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system